Transaction e7c3a7f929cf927e45680f9d409f341167fa6d234f54f952f2d39d4b1924cf3d

Block #535297

2018-08-05 05:57:09 +0000 UTC (~5 years, 11 months ago)

BTC Burned: 🔥0.00001 BTC🔥


Inputs
164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N
0.01187976 BTC
now $747.77
0.01187976 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N
0.00420856 BTC
now $264.91
0.00420856 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N
0.00374819 BTC
now $235.93
0.00374819 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
Outputs
1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh
0.00001 BTC
now $0.63
🔥0.00001 BTC🔥
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N
0.01981607 BTC
now $1,247.32
0.01981607 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash

How did this transaction burn BTC?

The 0x00 Public Key Address

The 1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh address is a Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash (P2PKH) address that is derived from a public key that solely contains the byte 0x00. This is the point at infinity on the secp256k1 elliptic curve, and is not a permitted public key1.

This results in any BTC sent to this address being irrevocably lost, as it is impossible to generate a signature that will validate against the 0x00 public key.

Over the years, a handful of bugs2 in wallet applications have resulted in users inadvertently sending BTC to this address.

  1. http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/204914/734.pdf
  2. https://github.com/Multibit-Legacy/multibit/issues/403

View revision history

ECDSA Incompatibility

The Bitcoin Protocol relies on the secp256k1 elliptic curve for its cryptographic operations. This curve belongs to the larger family of elliptic curves.

Bitcoin also employs a number of hashing operations such as SHA-256 and RIPEMD-160. These operations are used in various places across the protocol, including in the creation of addresses and their corresponding Bitcoin Scripts.

In some cases, it is possible to select values that are invalid for the secp256k1 curve as inputs to the hashing operations. This can lead to unexpected results, such as the creation of addresses that can be used to receive BTC, but are never able to spend it.

View revision history
Raw Transaction 
{
  "txid": "e7c3a7f929cf927e45680f9d409f341167fa6d234f54f952f2d39d4b1924cf3d",
  "hash": "e7c3a7f929cf927e45680f9d409f341167fa6d234f54f952f2d39d4b1924cf3d",
  "version": 1,
  "size": 521,
  "vsize": 521,
  "weight": 2084,
  "locktime": 535296,
  "vin": [
    {
      "txid": "5e73050814506a5aa65c65950c697cae6eb9424179154d54239c9ab3db14623c",
      "vout": 50,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "304402206374c17a103b97850faa9ca7e1f06b3eb4d37711b3adb5fd7139908d6cb1ddf60220098dceeba4d22abc21c2c918f96175fe37b8974c8c3b6fabafd4edb46e95528d[ALL] 0381750d0f44ae1f71bcc71c26b3a5077012362871db3633b52cee0e16b2750a52",
        "hex": "47304402206374c17a103b97850faa9ca7e1f06b3eb4d37711b3adb5fd7139908d6cb1ddf60220098dceeba4d22abc21c2c918f96175fe37b8974c8c3b6fabafd4edb46e95528d01210381750d0f44ae1f71bcc71c26b3a5077012362871db3633b52cee0e16b2750a52"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 533903,
        "value": "0.01187976",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N)#mjcayz34",
          "hex": "76a914379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d84388ac",
          "address": "164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967293
    },
    {
      "txid": "8c391430659e5de86083caa4923208b9b3961d981559b11f35c449b224123286",
      "vout": 49,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "304502210090c1456a6b95aa94d17b015e2f673fd7fd38c75ba79a3602d8af4793205f581c02200787587655ec7fd9031970304b9da5bca473fc18a0dcf74fbf2d74c3d66286a9[ALL] 0381750d0f44ae1f71bcc71c26b3a5077012362871db3633b52cee0e16b2750a52",
        "hex": "48304502210090c1456a6b95aa94d17b015e2f673fd7fd38c75ba79a3602d8af4793205f581c02200787587655ec7fd9031970304b9da5bca473fc18a0dcf74fbf2d74c3d66286a901210381750d0f44ae1f71bcc71c26b3a5077012362871db3633b52cee0e16b2750a52"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 534986,
        "value": "0.00420856",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N)#mjcayz34",
          "hex": "76a914379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d84388ac",
          "address": "164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967293
    },
    {
      "txid": "d61571db6430ddab7842d5a8253c5ad58a8ac0ec0dd4652577c12aae124364e7",
      "vout": 62,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "3045022100df9e0e27fc6dafbac50cf4b18fbdce450b976dc3d05a81c9d36a23a45d14441e022040734688d436e600bcde46fca7e2b9f661615492739e57ed62d1cc896b0982dd[ALL] 0381750d0f44ae1f71bcc71c26b3a5077012362871db3633b52cee0e16b2750a52",
        "hex": "483045022100df9e0e27fc6dafbac50cf4b18fbdce450b976dc3d05a81c9d36a23a45d14441e022040734688d436e600bcde46fca7e2b9f661615492739e57ed62d1cc896b0982dd01210381750d0f44ae1f71bcc71c26b3a5077012362871db3633b52cee0e16b2750a52"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 534673,
        "value": "0.00374819",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N)#mjcayz34",
          "hex": "76a914379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d84388ac",
          "address": "164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967293
    }
  ],
  "vout": [
    {
      "value": "0.00001000",
      "n": 0,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "desc": "addr(1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh)#gvyw8dzc",
        "hex": "76a9149f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb6888ac",
        "address": "1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh",
        "type": "pubkeyhash"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "0.01981607",
      "n": 1,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d843 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "desc": "addr(164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N)#mjcayz34",
        "hex": "76a914379a074b2751fa4aa7b8daaf0b3844c31e15d84388ac",
        "address": "164zgdzc3tS9mgix8HznoAT3yiahKGMB7N",
        "type": "pubkeyhash"
      }
    }
  ],
  "fee": "0.00001044",
  "hex": "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",
  "blockhash": "0000000000000000001f628d5b628d5f0b7f7a494b09fd8f96b6aeaf5d1f0eb3",
  "time": 1533448629,
  "blocktime": 1533448629
}