Transaction ac54ecd8c0eab1b5156649b0fe54738371d84233b4e487eab360c7e611a74ba9

Block #843044

2024-05-11 20:11:20 +0000 UTC (~1 month, 21 days ago)

BTC Burned: 🔥0.00000546 BTC🔥

Inputs

bc1pzxljgccg287cdpa4mff57splc79g5hms66jn29crve58g6yvdlcqj5njal

1 11bf24630851fd8687b5da534f403fc78a8a5f70d6a5351703666874688c6ff0 witness_v1_taproot

3HLV1ZpEGU8QnndeavTPAdn3Fg8TRAEmb6

OP_HASH160 ab9fe35a684fbd776502181eb1cb9e17c4a3e628 OP_EQUAL scripthash

Outputs

1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash

3HLV1ZpEGU8QnndeavTPAdn3Fg8TRAEmb6

OP_HASH160 ab9fe35a684fbd776502181eb1cb9e17c4a3e628 OP_EQUAL scripthash

How did this transaction burn BTC?

The 0x00 Public Key Address

The 1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh address is a Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash (P2PKH) address that is derived from a public key that solely contains the byte 0x00. This is the point at infinity on the secp256k1 elliptic curve, and is not a permitted public key¹.

This results in any BTC sent to this address being irrevocably lost, as it is impossible to generate a signature that will validate against the 0x00 public key.

Over the years, a handful of bugs² in wallet applications have resulted in users inadvertently sending BTC to this address.

View revision history

ECDSA Incompatibility

The Bitcoin Protocol relies on the secp256k1 elliptic curve for its cryptographic operations. This curve belongs to the larger family of elliptic curves.

Bitcoin also employs a number of hashing operations such as SHA-256 and RIPEMD-160. These operations are used in various places across the protocol, including in the creation of addresses and their corresponding Bitcoin Scripts.

In some cases, it is possible to select values that are invalid for the secp256k1 curve as inputs to the hashing operations. This can lead to unexpected results, such as the creation of addresses that can be used to receive BTC, but are never able to spend it.

View revision history

Raw Transaction

{
  "txid": "ac54ecd8c0eab1b5156649b0fe54738371d84233b4e487eab360c7e611a74ba9",
  "hash": "ffeb7e5138d02d9f62feaf5d576bdae182cb9158e33d782e5c0941be007e89b1",
  "version": 2,
  "size": 357,
  "vsize": 225,
  "weight": 900,
  "locktime": 0,
  "vin": [
    {
      "txid": "3bd859ffdfd932e20f8c9511a21c786efce2f15079a92c2ab7e8c71cad34ad53",
      "vout": 0,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "",
        "hex": ""
      },
      "txinwitness": [
        "d6fa30d62e77ef7b1f446c8547e0b9768115c477252465bec1c4da2efeea59d1a868978f1e572223b0e2aa4e657b781d3e7349053afc4bc2d4ed64720f0734fe"
      ],
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 841185,
        "value": "0.00000546",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "1 11bf24630851fd8687b5da534f403fc78a8a5f70d6a5351703666874688c6ff0",
          "desc": "rawtr(11bf24630851fd8687b5da534f403fc78a8a5f70d6a5351703666874688c6ff0)#n0em6uc7",
          "hex": "512011bf24630851fd8687b5da534f403fc78a8a5f70d6a5351703666874688c6ff0",
          "address": "bc1pzxljgccg287cdpa4mff57splc79g5hms66jn29crve58g6yvdlcqj5njal",
          "type": "witness_v1_taproot"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967293
    },
    {
      "txid": "cc3456e7c7cc2449c85676c7b19a37003f42abf5775f6c5a8a4a1c0266c1410d",
      "vout": 3,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "00147ca18532ffb76689433ca48de440f773b6a2f695",
        "hex": "1600147ca18532ffb76689433ca48de440f773b6a2f695"
      },
      "txinwitness": [
        "30450221009e5dd5c0af0e3a61da2aca4c009716e3b9abd71d9c7bd4b73728e68e7a013ae602201ca0fa630cc7a7763553e54f94c5ee8d9658a289c82d0bfe11cf7137d20f7e4501",
        "020c80fc9baf3c145ddd4f4b938fd14c134b7af3970995a26f986a9fd4665b02d7"
      ],
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 841185,
        "value": "0.06059131",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_HASH160 ab9fe35a684fbd776502181eb1cb9e17c4a3e628 OP_EQUAL",
          "desc": "addr(3HLV1ZpEGU8QnndeavTPAdn3Fg8TRAEmb6)#vfx05msc",
          "hex": "a914ab9fe35a684fbd776502181eb1cb9e17c4a3e62887",
          "address": "3HLV1ZpEGU8QnndeavTPAdn3Fg8TRAEmb6",
          "type": "scripthash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967293
    }
  ],
  "vout": [
    {
      "value": "0.00000546",
      "n": 0,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "desc": "addr(1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh)#gvyw8dzc",
        "hex": "76a9149f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb6888ac",
        "address": "1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh",
        "type": "pubkeyhash"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "0.06056551",
      "n": 1,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_HASH160 ab9fe35a684fbd776502181eb1cb9e17c4a3e628 OP_EQUAL",
        "desc": "addr(3HLV1ZpEGU8QnndeavTPAdn3Fg8TRAEmb6)#vfx05msc",
        "hex": "a914ab9fe35a684fbd776502181eb1cb9e17c4a3e62887",
        "address": "3HLV1ZpEGU8QnndeavTPAdn3Fg8TRAEmb6",
        "type": "scripthash"
      }
    }
  ],
  "fee": "0.00002580",
  "hex": "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",
  "blockhash": "000000000000000000009565699b908179933690ccbaf1e68c1a33bd9ba9bea0",
  "time": 1715458280,
  "blocktime": 1715458280
}