Transaction 220e99b4640f22dc561c3a9f5c92e0a2452a4912b7e75bbe957c1cb86cf6ef32

Block #339768

2015-01-20 12:14:56 +0000 UTC (~9 years, 7 months ago)

BTC Burned: 🔥0.02828844 BTC🔥

Inputs

1W1u64r8yhXnEKbKQtaaQ3ZJ77KyXTbqa

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 057cd003752dae73d0771c0edde6255e7d8b7d24 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash

Outputs

1BStqxf454fpg3n142UUNAejNZ8ww1E3nc

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 7296ef26a62b8e26d0f918d0e579ce0ace0c876b OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash

1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash

How did this transaction burn BTC?

The 0x00 Public Key Address

The 1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh address is a Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash (P2PKH) address that is derived from a public key that solely contains the byte 0x00. This is the point at infinity on the secp256k1 elliptic curve, and is not a permitted public key¹.

This results in any BTC sent to this address being irrevocably lost, as it is impossible to generate a signature that will validate against the 0x00 public key.

Over the years, a handful of bugs² in wallet applications have resulted in users inadvertently sending BTC to this address.

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ECDSA Incompatibility

The Bitcoin Protocol relies on the secp256k1 elliptic curve for its cryptographic operations. This curve belongs to the larger family of elliptic curves.

Bitcoin also employs a number of hashing operations such as SHA-256 and RIPEMD-160. These operations are used in various places across the protocol, including in the creation of addresses and their corresponding Bitcoin Scripts.

In some cases, it is possible to select values that are invalid for the secp256k1 curve as inputs to the hashing operations. This can lead to unexpected results, such as the creation of addresses that can be used to receive BTC, but are never able to spend it.

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Raw Transaction

{
  "txid": "220e99b4640f22dc561c3a9f5c92e0a2452a4912b7e75bbe957c1cb86cf6ef32",
  "hash": "220e99b4640f22dc561c3a9f5c92e0a2452a4912b7e75bbe957c1cb86cf6ef32",
  "version": 1,
  "size": 258,
  "vsize": 258,
  "weight": 1032,
  "locktime": 0,
  "vin": [
    {
      "txid": "57ca75ae0fd053f3f556a20a741d3edf8905319eac069dc3924a828d37fb8042",
      "vout": 0,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "30450221008453974cba316ab382d24c9c3cf071528c98cacdbe8d5274db0a533b6a716fdf02202e65809194e39834e8b940a6890b18a658b83c93c52c88df7c614c5c7742e2b4[ALL] 04a562b771c669192011ef25aadf07144cb046f58619fddc1897c70c648a99293ed6ba4c0682d56deddd5e32730e758143bec81c411bdb29703ddcddaad24db249",
        "hex": "4830450221008453974cba316ab382d24c9c3cf071528c98cacdbe8d5274db0a533b6a716fdf02202e65809194e39834e8b940a6890b18a658b83c93c52c88df7c614c5c7742e2b4014104a562b771c669192011ef25aadf07144cb046f58619fddc1897c70c648a99293ed6ba4c0682d56deddd5e32730e758143bec81c411bdb29703ddcddaad24db249"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 339705,
        "value": "0.04272947",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 057cd003752dae73d0771c0edde6255e7d8b7d24 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(1W1u64r8yhXnEKbKQtaaQ3ZJ77KyXTbqa)#ryg8mhqr",
          "hex": "76a914057cd003752dae73d0771c0edde6255e7d8b7d2488ac",
          "address": "1W1u64r8yhXnEKbKQtaaQ3ZJ77KyXTbqa",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    }
  ],
  "vout": [
    {
      "value": "0.01434103",
      "n": 0,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 7296ef26a62b8e26d0f918d0e579ce0ace0c876b OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "desc": "addr(1BStqxf454fpg3n142UUNAejNZ8ww1E3nc)#v6tya3ag",
        "hex": "76a9147296ef26a62b8e26d0f918d0e579ce0ace0c876b88ac",
        "address": "1BStqxf454fpg3n142UUNAejNZ8ww1E3nc",
        "type": "pubkeyhash"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "0.02828844",
      "n": 1,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "desc": "addr(1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh)#gvyw8dzc",
        "hex": "76a9149f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb6888ac",
        "address": "1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh",
        "type": "pubkeyhash"
      }
    }
  ],
  "fee": "0.00010000",
  "hex": "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",
  "blockhash": "0000000000000000160483c084b185b87e974467e0f684a1b26cc555174b59c7",
  "time": 1421756096,
  "blocktime": 1421756096
}