Transaction 1c9f7d81a663709cf0f57c2e6d134427f4ddc57163bdfaa471406a890e0f7073

Block #428831

2016-09-08 11:53:13 +0000 UTC (~7 years, 11 months ago)

BTC Burned: 🔥0.0002 BTC🔥


Inputs
1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4
0.00007223 BTC
now $4.55
0.00007223 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4
0.00006458 BTC
now $4.07
0.00006458 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4
0.00005756 BTC
now $3.63
0.00005756 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4
0.00006199 BTC
now $3.90
0.00006199 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4
0.00010519 BTC
now $6.63
0.00010519 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4
0.00005853 BTC
now $3.69
0.00005853 BTC
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash
Outputs
1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh
0.0002 BTC
now $12.60
🔥0.0002 BTC🔥
OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG pubkeyhash

How did this transaction burn BTC?

The 0x00 Public Key Address

The 1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh address is a Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash (P2PKH) address that is derived from a public key that solely contains the byte 0x00. This is the point at infinity on the secp256k1 elliptic curve, and is not a permitted public key1.

This results in any BTC sent to this address being irrevocably lost, as it is impossible to generate a signature that will validate against the 0x00 public key.

Over the years, a handful of bugs2 in wallet applications have resulted in users inadvertently sending BTC to this address.

  1. http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/204914/734.pdf
  2. https://github.com/Multibit-Legacy/multibit/issues/403

View revision history

ECDSA Incompatibility

The Bitcoin Protocol relies on the secp256k1 elliptic curve for its cryptographic operations. This curve belongs to the larger family of elliptic curves.

Bitcoin also employs a number of hashing operations such as SHA-256 and RIPEMD-160. These operations are used in various places across the protocol, including in the creation of addresses and their corresponding Bitcoin Scripts.

In some cases, it is possible to select values that are invalid for the secp256k1 curve as inputs to the hashing operations. This can lead to unexpected results, such as the creation of addresses that can be used to receive BTC, but are never able to spend it.

View revision history
Raw Transaction 
{
  "txid": "1c9f7d81a663709cf0f57c2e6d134427f4ddc57163bdfaa471406a890e0f7073",
  "hash": "1c9f7d81a663709cf0f57c2e6d134427f4ddc57163bdfaa471406a890e0f7073",
  "version": 1,
  "size": 1122,
  "vsize": 1122,
  "weight": 4488,
  "locktime": 0,
  "vin": [
    {
      "txid": "27e2c1c21746404fe3aea00ea54a4b9afd96785d61e19d41073c34905fa915a9",
      "vout": 343,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "3045022100d9d069a602baad0835d4dd42e628c5ed909466cca436a08f77961e4eb6b241da0220707df5268c98de853ad1ce6d0844616d5a6767279c919e1fb4ea16e8f94b9768[ALL] 04001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776",
        "hex": "483045022100d9d069a602baad0835d4dd42e628c5ed909466cca436a08f77961e4eb6b241da0220707df5268c98de853ad1ce6d0844616d5a6767279c919e1fb4ea16e8f94b9768014104001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 374306,
        "value": "0.00007223",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4)#ymgapmpr",
          "hex": "76a91478385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b7788ac",
          "address": "1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    },
    {
      "txid": "3255007c2ed790ee529dff79daac65a6a64c91837d13b65a850891bf55e363ab",
      "vout": 1646,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "30450221008ec83e4bf8ebdf5c2389a74a414e177eeb0eb80b2f40deed462c4fc62df05d3202207b50dce1c379889de632ebf403f7dc42980a153c677f97bfd8cb7999fe169559[ALL] 04001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776",
        "hex": "4830450221008ec83e4bf8ebdf5c2389a74a414e177eeb0eb80b2f40deed462c4fc62df05d3202207b50dce1c379889de632ebf403f7dc42980a153c677f97bfd8cb7999fe169559014104001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 385733,
        "value": "0.00006458",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4)#ymgapmpr",
          "hex": "76a91478385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b7788ac",
          "address": "1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    },
    {
      "txid": "52acc96d7a80140cea847aea95a2d13c8cdcb1f2322dcbf6fc6e320e9e1451cb",
      "vout": 127,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "30440220384667b374a920df9214d7c091fdc54d33c54a2e4174fc0d8b4f26533ec7eca802203657ae9d316e75af16e468f8c3269df1e5d56401df1776433b777a567affcf59[ALL] 04001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776",
        "hex": "4730440220384667b374a920df9214d7c091fdc54d33c54a2e4174fc0d8b4f26533ec7eca802203657ae9d316e75af16e468f8c3269df1e5d56401df1776433b777a567affcf59014104001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 398219,
        "value": "0.00005756",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4)#ymgapmpr",
          "hex": "76a91478385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b7788ac",
          "address": "1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    },
    {
      "txid": "95978c4f52080d449437c20060d0d4b78bb28fe92d82f6c4cb7f0671b2aba10f",
      "vout": 619,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "3044022020227bcd5317636b7cae7767f9f607319d6552bf3f07ab1eb5d5f4b22be0e54702207bb388dd4515f2879bdb70142cf0877bd7ca08593407bfed28c48881514a4707[ALL] 04001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776",
        "hex": "473044022020227bcd5317636b7cae7767f9f607319d6552bf3f07ab1eb5d5f4b22be0e54702207bb388dd4515f2879bdb70142cf0877bd7ca08593407bfed28c48881514a4707014104001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 389185,
        "value": "0.00006199",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4)#ymgapmpr",
          "hex": "76a91478385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b7788ac",
          "address": "1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    },
    {
      "txid": "d423f5a0ad285934aa22a8c0b3d5cd1f76c23f175e9ea53b9b4992e1d5db281b",
      "vout": 596,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "3045022100ce9a0abaaf0e565fb7e3ba30f3dea3c44df329ccdce92f131dc5cfdd3f089acb022078876c8373688d903be15af5a2fbef00388169bdce333a96ec51584874802ee1[ALL] 04001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776",
        "hex": "483045022100ce9a0abaaf0e565fb7e3ba30f3dea3c44df329ccdce92f131dc5cfdd3f089acb022078876c8373688d903be15af5a2fbef00388169bdce333a96ec51584874802ee1014104001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 372047,
        "value": "0.00010519",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4)#ymgapmpr",
          "hex": "76a91478385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b7788ac",
          "address": "1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    },
    {
      "txid": "faf608cf963e8ac2035256c7188eadf309d3c0a748ab21814914c0808bfc9731",
      "vout": 1114,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "3045022100ff64b649028d9a6e169915fe83351c432f69eaa87f160eb345528df9fec5ce2a022056993b50bdc7e7c464189a2a3f4f8e912ad55ef151ea5a0f6ae5a33bb43bd325[ALL] 04001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776",
        "hex": "483045022100ff64b649028d9a6e169915fe83351c432f69eaa87f160eb345528df9fec5ce2a022056993b50bdc7e7c464189a2a3f4f8e912ad55ef151ea5a0f6ae5a33bb43bd325014104001ec71dda268f96a5f12fdb3550125fc5036d65683bb6831a4f3a19e5fcff15d31ec003e99109e6905b88ff45cf8262065da05968945784a828ba64b4193776"
      },
      "prevout": {
        "generated": false,
        "height": 377415,
        "value": "0.00005853",
        "scriptPubKey": {
          "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 78385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b77 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
          "desc": "addr(1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4)#ymgapmpr",
          "hex": "76a91478385253e8c0119bc02ec25c510698f1f48e5b7788ac",
          "address": "1BxfZK8LeXZJPPkn5Cj5BdwyF88vNcfUW4",
          "type": "pubkeyhash"
        }
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    }
  ],
  "vout": [
    {
      "value": "0.00020000",
      "n": 0,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 9f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb68 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "desc": "addr(1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh)#gvyw8dzc",
        "hex": "76a9149f7fd096d37ed2c0e3f7f0cfc924beef4ffceb6888ac",
        "address": "1FYMZEHnszCHKTBdFZ2DLrUuk3dGwYKQxh",
        "type": "pubkeyhash"
      }
    }
  ],
  "fee": "0.00022008",
  "hex": "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",
  "blockhash": "000000000000000000b23fc41feea00355c115ad5611157e468711819f62491d",
  "time": 1473335593,
  "blocktime": 1473335593
}